I was bored at work today and got a NVMe USB 3.1 Gen2 external enclosure. So I benchmarked all the things!
Below are several disk benchmarks I ran using Crystal DiskMark. First up are the slowest drives I have. Then I'll do the NVMe drives with their External enclosure vs directly installed bnechmarks so you can see the difference in speeds.
Starting off, is your standard 8GB cheap commodity USB "3.0" drive. And I put USB 3.0 in quotes for a reason. This slow ass POS belongs in the same benchmarks as a DOS computer from the 80's. This thing was so slow I had to change the benchmark settings cause I'd be dead before it finished.
Next we have a mid-grade 32GB flash drive. A Sandisk Ultra Flare USB 3.0 drive. These are small, cheap, and decently good. But not great. I was actually impressed with its sequential read/writes. Random was horrid though. I would call this serviceable performance.
Next we have the Sandisk Extreme 64GB. One of the fastest true USB Thumb Drives you can buy. Its the CZ80 model for anyone interested and its about $17 now. So really not that pricy. Look at those read/writes. If you wanted to transfer gigs of pictures or music and carry a cheap small drive. This is your drive. They make a 128GB version too. Notice how much better the random benchmarks are. Orders of magnitude faster than the previous two thumb drives. The smaller your files are, the fastest this thumb drive will seem.
Now we leave the Thumb drives behind, and move onto the actual SSD's with true SSD controllers.
So the first up is the slowest SSD, its a Intel SSD Pro 2500 series. This is the SSD that comes in your last generation Dell laptop and Desktop. Its a SATA based SSD, so the maximum theoretical bandwidth is 750MB/s, but due to the overhead and that SATA was designed for spinning rust, its a big bottleneck for solid state storage. The Random write performance is pretty awful here, especially considering the Sandisk Extreme destroys in random write tests, though it wins the read test.
For comparison, here is a much older Samsung 850 EVO 1TB SATA installed internally on my gaming PC. you can see the improved random read/write speeds. SATA3 is has much better IO performance than USB does.
Now we move onto the NVMe based SSDs. Here there are two benchmarks for each system. One benchmark is the SSD installed in my SHINESTAR NVMe USB 3.1 Gen2 enclosure. The test to its right is the exact same drive physically installed in a laptop. It shows just how limiting the USB protocol is for these drives. Look at the massive differences across the board. There is a strange anomaly on the sequential write tests where the USB enclosure out performed the internal installation. I might have to retest this.
Intel 760p 256GB M.2 NVMe SSD. When installed in the USB drive, this shows as equal speed to the 2nd NVMe I tested. However, once installed into an actual computer directly it loses horribly on the write tests.
And here is probably one of the most popular NVMe SSDs you can buy. The Samsung 970 EVO NVMe 250GB. Here, the write hole didn't happen and as expected the drive outperforms the external USB in every respect. More than doubling the performance in every respect.
And finally, the oddball. A benchmark performed inside my Parallels VM running on my 2018 MacBook Pro. The Apple SSD is INSANELY fast. I don't think there is anything out there in the consumer market that comes close to Apple's internal drives. The random read/write results are expected due to the extra overhead of the virtual machine. With 4GB/s read, and over 5GB/s writes, you can imagine just how fast it is when running native benchmarks.